national average for consuming the recommended F&V is 1% for adults and 2% for children ( USDHHS 2010) indicating that the vast majority of children and adults do not meet the recommended amounts of F&V. Nutrition: The USDHHS and USDA recommended that children and adults eat five or more servings of fruits and/or vegetables (F&V) per day ( McGuire 2011). For adults, a BMI score between 25 and 29.9 kg/m 2 is considered overweight, and ≥30 kg/m 2 is considered obese ( NHLBI 1998). Weight: Children with a body mass index (BMI) between the 85 th and 95 th percentile are considered overweight, and ≥ the 95 th percentile are considered obese ( Barlow and Dietz 1998). Department of Health and Human Services ( USDHHS 2008) and the Department of Agriculture (USDA McGuire 2011) developed research-based guidelines for healthy weight, nutrition, and physical activity, as indicated below: To help reduce rates of obesity, the U.S. However, few studies have examined the influence of parents on obesity and related health behaviors among young children from ethnic minority and low-income backgrounds ( Kumanyika and Grier 2006). Furthermore, parental obesity increases the risk of pediatric obesity into adulthood with overweight children who have an obese parent having twice the risk of becoming an obese adult ( Whitaker, Wright, Pepe, Seidel, and Dietz 1997). For example, children living in high poverty neighborhoods have a 50% higher chance of being overweight than those not living in poverty ( Delva, O’Malley, and Johnston 2006). Demographic variables associated with racial and ethnic minority status, such as poverty level, access to fresh foods, and high saturation of fast-food restaurants in low socioeconomic (SES) communities, are also associated with increased rates of pediatric obesity ( Morland, Roux, and Wing 2006 Powell, Auld, Chaloupka, O’Malley, and Johnston 2007). Rates of pediatric overweight and obesity are especially high among children from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds with recent estimates as high as 38.9% ( Ogden, Carroll, Kit, and Flegal 2014).
Pediatric obesity represents a significant public health concern, with epidemiological research indicating that 31.8% of children between the ages of 2 and 19 years are overweight or obese ( Ogden, Carroll, Kit, and Flegal 2014). Public Health Concern of Pediatric Obesity
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